Mixing pump



July 24, 1934. c, L.. RAYFIELD MTXING PUMP FiledI Jan. 29, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet l VJuly 24, 1934. Q RAVYFlELD Y 1,967,260

MIXING- PUMP Filed Jan. 29, 1931 4 Sheets-*Sheet 2 4 .9 .2 .MM-r

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July 24, 1934., Q RAYFIELD v 1,967,260

MIXING PUMP Filed Jan. 29, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 C. L. RAYFIELD MIXING PUMP July 24, 1934.

jz-ZVEm/ZIF S ////0%\. v IIIIIIIMHIII Patented July 24, 1934 PATENT OFFICE A UNITED' STATES 10 Claims.

My invention relates in general to oil burners and more particularly to improvements in pumping apparatus for delivering a fuel mixture to the burner head, 'the head and pump being motor driven.

It is an important object of this invention to provide in an oil burner a pump structure of the angular rotary type having sets of interconnected plungers disposed atan angle to each other, and to utilize this pump not only for supplying air and oil to a burner head of the rotary type, but also as a drive between the pump motor and the burner head.

'Another object of the invention is to provide' in 'an oil burner a pump structure of the angular rotary type which is adapted to compress the air and the oil and deliver the same to a chamber at thejunction of the pump sections, wherein the air and oil are combined to form a good combustible mixture to be delivered to the burner head, the oil in this chamber also being utilized for lubricating and sealing the pump parts.`

A further object of the invention is to provide in an oil burner a pump structure ofthe rotary type in which a chamber is formed by the pump housing at the junction of the pumping sections, which is utilized as a mixing chamber wherein the compressed oil and air are combined to form a good combustible mixture, and from which chamber the mixture is delivered through a pilot burner nozzle and a main burner nozzle.

In accordance with the general features of the invention, L propose to provide an angular ro'- tary pump btructure having sets of interconnected pistons disposed at an angleto each other and arranged so as to be reciprocable in cylinders which are mounted for revolution around a centrally disposed axis. Power means is' connected to one section of the pump and a rotatable burner head is connected to the other section of the pump. YThe power means serves to drive both the pump and the rotatable head,

powerbeing transmitted to the head through the pump parts. This construction is advantageous in that it eliminatesthe use of gearing and the like, which is noisy, for connecting and transmittingpower between angularly disposed rotating shafts.

As another featureof this invention I propose to provide a pump structure of the angular ro'- ,I 'tary type wherein the housing forms a chamber at the junction of the pump sections and use this chamber for combining the oil and air which have been compressed by the pump to (Cl. 26h-2S) Other objects and features of this invention will more fully appear from the following detail 'description taken in connectionwith the accompanying drawings which illustrate a single embodiment thereof, and in which Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view showing a burner embodying the features of my invention applied to a furnace or boiler;

Figure 2 is an enlarged longitudinal vertical section of the pump utilized in my invention;

Figure 3 is a transverse section through the pump, taken substantially on line III-III of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a; horizontal section through the pump, taken substantially on line IV--IV of Figure 2;

Figure 5 is an elevation of the pump head for the horizontal section of the pump showingthe inlet and outlet ports therein. taken substantially on line V-V of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a plan view from beneath of the head for the vertical section of the pump showing the inlet and outlet ports thereintaken substantially on line VI--VI of Figure 3;

Figure 7 is a sectional view of the head end of the horizontal section of the pump showing the passageways to the cylinder bores, taken substantially on line VII- VII of Figure 4;

Figure 8 is a sectional view of the head end of the vertical section of the pump showing the passageways to the cylinderbores, taken substantially on line VH1-V111 of Figure 3;

VFigure 9 is a vertical section through the pilot burner showing the relationship of the pilot burner nozzle and the spark gap' for igniting the pilot burner; .v

Figure 10 is a sectional View of the pilot burner, taken substantially on line X--X of Figure 9;

Figure. 11 is a vertical diametrical section showing the. details of the component parts of the rotary burner head; f

Figure 12 is a plan view from beneath 4of an impeller having radial blades formed thereon;

and v Figure 13 is a sectional view of the burner head showing the relative position of the discharge nozzle in the refractory shield, and blades for directing air into the interior of the shield, taken substantially on line XIII-XIII of Figure 11.

As shown on the drawings:

As illustrative of my invention, I have chosen to show in Figure 1, a furnace or boiler to which an oil burner embodying the features of my invention has been applied. This furnace or boiler comprises a vertically -disposed peripheral wall 1 which is'separated into an upper compartment and a lower compartment by means of a transversely extending plate member 2 that is secured at its outer edge to the wall in any suitable manner, the upper compartment forming the combustion chamber of the furnace. The burner head, which will be described in detail subsequently, extends through the plate member 2 into the combustion chamber and is operably connected to a mechanism located in the lower compartment of the furnace. This mechanism is mounted on a base structure 3 and serves not only to drive the head, but furnish a combustible material under pressure thereto.

The pump structure comprises the cylindrical housings 4 and 5 which are detachably secured together at their inner ends along a 45 plane Yby means of their respective anges 6 and 7 and screws 8, the housings being thus disposed at a right angle with each other. A head 9 is applied to the outer end of the housing 4 and is detachably secured thereto by means of screws 10 which pass through a head flange 11 and a flange 12 on the housing. A head 13 is similarly applied to the outer end of the housing 5 and is detachably secured thereto by screws 14 which pass through a ange 15 on the head and engage a flange 16 of the housing.

At the juncture of the housings 4 and 5 a chamber 17 is formed, and between this chamber and the head 9 is a rotatably disposed cylinder 18 which is confined against axial displacement by the lower surface of the head and a beveled annular shoulder 19. Extending longitudinally of this cylinder are a plurality of cylindrical bores 20 and 21 which are shown as being alternately and regularly spaced about the central axis of the cylinder, and each of which is adapted to reciprocably receive therein a plunger 22. 'I'he upper end of the cylinder 18 is closed by a plate member 23 that is secured to the cylinder by means of pins 24 which extend through the plate member into the end of the cylinder. A plurality of ports 25 are provided in this plate, which communicate with each of the bores in the cylinder 18. Extending axially from the plate member 23 is a cylindrical stub 26 which extends through a central bore 27 of the head 9 and is constrained against axial movement by a nut 28 which threadedly engages the stub adjacent its upper end and bears against the upper surface of the head. Communication with the chamber 17 is established through a central bore 29 in the cylinder, this bore being in align-- ment with a central bore 30 which extendsthrough the plate member 23 and the stub 26.

The purpose of thesealigned bores will appear subsequently. While I have shown the'plate 23 and stub 26 as being integral and the plate secured to the cylinder by means of pins, the cylinder 18, the plate member 23 and stub 26 may be formed as an integral casting, if desirable.

Within the housing 5 is a rotatably disposed cylinder 31 which seats at its outer end against the head 13 and engages at its inner end against a beveled annular shoulder 32. As in the case of the cylinder 18, the cylinder 31 is likewise provided with a corresponding number of 1ongitudinally extending bores 33, each of which has a plung'er 34 reciprocably mounted therein. The outer end of this cylinder is closed by a plate member 35 which is secured to the end of the cylinder by means of pins 36 and provided 80 with ports 3'7 each of which communicates with one of the bores 33. Extending axially from the plate member 35 is a rotatable shaft 38 which is journalled in a central bore 39 in the head 13. This shaft, the plate member 35 andcylinder 85 31 may be integrally formed, if desired. A nut 40 threadedly engages the shaft 38 and bears against the outer surface of the head 13 for cooperation with the plate 35 to prevent axial movement of the shaft relative to the head. The shaft 90 38 projects from the head 13 and carries at its outer end a coupling member 41` which engages a mating coupling member 42 on a shaft 43 of a driving motor 45, as shown in Figure 1.

The plungers in the corresponding bores of the two cylinders are rigidly connected together at their adjacent ends by means of an angular connection 46 so that, when the shaft 38 and cylinder 31 connected thereto are rotated, the` angularly disposed plungers will reciprocate in their respective bores and transmit the rotative movement of cylinder `31 to the cylinder 18 and the stub 26 secured thereto, all in a manner well understood in the art.

The head 9 has at one side a radially extend- 105 ing inlet passageway 47 adapted to be connected by suitable piping 48 with an oil supply reservoir, which in this case is shown as being a vacuum tank 49 of the type commonly used in automobiles. From this inlet passageway a port passageway 50 extends through the head and terminates at the lower face thereof in an arcuate channel 51 which is concentric with the axis of the cylinder 18 and in the path of the bores 21-21 therein. At its opposite side the head has an oil outlet passageway 52 in communication with a port passageway 53 which extends through the head and terminates in the lower face thereof in an arcuate channel 54. This channel is also in the path of the ports 25 which communicate with the cylindrical bores 21-21. The oil outlet passageway 52 communicates with the chamber 17 by virtue of a passageway 55 formed in the housing 4, the oil thereby being delivered to the chamber 17 under pressure. In quadrature to the oil inlet passageway 47 is an air inlet passageway 56 adapted to be connected by suitable piping 57 to the vacuum connection of the vacuum tank 49. From the air inlet passageway 57 a port passageway 58 extends through the head and terminates in the lower face thereof in a channel 59l which lies in the path of the ports 25 which communicate with the cylindrical bores 20-20 in the-cylinder 18. At the opposite side of the head 9 from the air inlet passageway 56 is an air outlet passageway 60 from which extends a port passageway 61 to the lower face of the head where it terminates in an arcuate channel 62. This channel likewise lies in the path of the ports 25 which are in communication with the cylindrical bores 20-20 in the cylinder. 18. The air outlet passagewaySO is adapted to b connected by means of a pipe 63 to an inlet passageway 64 in ythe 145 head 13.

During each revolution of the cylinder 18 each of its plungers will make a complete back-andA forth stroke in its associated bore. On the in-iy Ward stroke of the plungers in the bores 21--21 150 the bores will be in communicationwith the channel 51 and` on the outward stroke incomtive bores 33 in the cylinder 31.

munication with the channel 54. In the case of 4the plungers within thebores 20--20, they will be in communication with the channel 59 when the plungers are on the in-stroke andwith the channel 62 when the plungers areon the outstroke.

In the head 13, the inlet passageway 64 communicates with a port passageway 65 which extends through the head and terminates in the inner face thereof to form an arcuate channel 66. This channel lis disposed in the path of the ports 37 which communicate with the respec- On the opposite side of the head an outlet passage 67 is formed which communicates through a port passageway 68 in the head with an arcuate channel 69 in the inner face of the head. v This channel is likewise disposed in the path of the ports 37 which communicate with the respective bores of the cylinder 31. 'Ihe plungers in the cylinders 18 and 31 operate consecutively and in unison and during the in-stroke of the plungers in the cylinder 31 its bores will be in communication with the channel 66 and during the out-stroke the-portswill be in communication'with the channel 69. The fluid is thus drawn into the cylinder bores from the inlet 64 and discharged therefrom into the outlet 67.

'I'he housing 5 is formed with a boss 70 on one side through which extends a passageway 7l which is connected at one end with the outlet passageway 67 by a port passage 72 lin the head. At the other end the passageway 71 communicates with the chamber 17 at the junction of the housings 4 and 5. p

The upper end of the stub 26 is provided with a centrallyv disposed socket threaded on its inner surface as shown at 73 which is engaged bythe lower end of the shaft 74 which drives the rotary burner head. Extending over the end of the stub 26 and surrounding the shaft 74 is a sleeve 75 Ywhich is secured to the stub by means of a set-screw 76 and to the shaft by a set-screw 77. This sleeve is retained against axial movement by means of a shoulder 78 on the shaft 74 and the end surface 79 of the stub 26 which extends outwardly of the shaft 74 to form a shoulder. The outer surface of the sleeve 75 is threaded for receiving thereon a nut 80 having apertures 81 extending therethrough. It will be observed that the shaft A741is provided with a central bore 82 which is in alignment with the bore 30 of the stub 26, through which combustible fluid is fed to the burner' nozzle.

The upper end of the shaft 74 carries a fan member having a hub 83 which surrounds the shaft and abuts a shoulder on the shaft at its lower end. Integrally formed with the hubl 83 and extending outwardly from the upper end thereof are a plurality of wings 84 which are circumferentially spaced around the hub and beveled at 85 so as to force air upwardly through the space between the wings, when the shaft 74 is rotated in a clockwise direction as viewed in Figure 13. Thefan member is secured to theshaft 74 by a nut 86 whichengages the upper surface of the fan member. Extending from the axis of the nut 86 is an upwardly and out# wardly bent tube 87 which communicates at its lower end with the bore 82 of the shaft 74 and forms at its upper end a nozzle for discharging combustible fluid into the combustion chamber.

An impeller 88 having a central upwardly converging tapered bore 89 surrounds the shaft 74 and extends between the fan member 84 and the nut 80. The upper surface of the impeller is grooved as at 90 for receiving therein the peripheral margins of the wings 84, and the irnpeller is held against axial movement by the nut 80 which bears against thev lower end of the hub portion 91 thereof. It will be observed that the apertures 81 communicate with the tapered bore 89-of the impeller, and also that the wings 84 extend across the upper open end of the tapered bore 89. The impeller 88 carries a plurality'of radially extending blades 92 for discharging air in a radial direction.

This impeller is disposed within a housing formed by dish-shaped members 93 and 94 which are held in spaced relationship by' means of ribs 95. The member 94 terminates in an annular flange 96 defining a central opening which forms an inlet passage for air to be circulated by the rotation of the impeller. From the flange 96 the member 94 is upwardly and outwardly flared as shown at 97 and terminates in a horizontally disposed rim 98 which is supportedv upon the upper surface of the partition member 2. A

The upper member 93 has a central aperture 99 for receiving therethrough a dome-shaped.

refractory member 100 which is preferably of fire-resisting material, such as fire clay. The member 100 is Supported upon the top surface of the impeller and the wings 84 and houses the tube 87 which is disposed within a central chamber 101. The outer endl of the tube 87 is disposed within an aperture 102 having one vend in communication with the chamber 101 and its other end opening into the combustion chamber, this tube being sodisposed in the aperture that the tube will discharge combustible fluid in a substantially tangential direction to its path of rotation. From the member 100 the member 93 extends outwardly in a horizontal direction to form a bottom portion 103 which extends outwardly past the im- ,g

peller and from whence it is then deflected upwardly and outwardly as shown at 104 to form the-rim of the upper member. The upper surface 'of the member 93 is covered withl a layer of material such as fire clay which is indicated at 105. 'I'he upper surface of this material extends upwardly and outwardly from the member 100 to form a conical surface terminating at the outer periphery of the rim 104. A.

contracted discharge opening for the air from the impeller is provided between the peripheral edges of members 93 and 94 by covering the member 2 with a material such as fire clay and as shown at 106, this covering extending upwardly from the upper surface of the member 94 in a sharp curve 107 until it is past the peripheral edge of the upper member 93, whence it extends horizontally until adjacent the wall 1 of the furnace where it is curved upwardly. It will be observed that the refractory member 100 protects the nozzle of the'burner and prevents it from becoming carbonized or -burned away.

At one sidexof the outlet from the impeller housing, the 'fire clay 106 and member 2 have intercommunicating apertures 108 and 109A through which the pilot burner discharges into 108 by bolts 113 which extend through tubular spacing members 114` and threadedly engage the member 2. At the center of member 112 a sleeve 115 is arranged with its upper end 116 extending therethrough and threaded for anchoring a member 117 which clampingly engages a tube 118 having its upper end closed and provided with an outlet aperture 119 which is adjacent the aperture 108 and forms the disof electricity.

Suitable valves are inserted in the supply pipe 120 for the pilot burner and the supply pipe 48 of the main burner for controlling the supply of oil thereto. The valve 124 which may be electrically vactuated is preferably of the all-on or all-off type, whereas the valve 125 in the supply pipe 48 may be either of the all-on and ill-01T type or partly-on and all-off type and is also preferably electrically operated.

The operation of my improved burner will be substantially as follows:

The motor 45 is started through the .agency of suitable control equipment which may be manual or automatic depending upon the installation. The' motor will then drive the pump through shaft 38 which will rotate cylinder 31 since the shaft is connected thereto, the rotation of the cylinder 31 being transmitted through the interconnected plungers 34 and 22- to the cylinder 18 which is connected to the driving shaft 74 of the rotary burner head. Rotation of the shaft 74 will rotate the impeller 88 and the nozzle 87 in a clockwise direction. The valve 125 is then opened to enable the reciprocating plungers in cylinders 20--20 to draw in oil from the vacuum tank 49 through the inlet pipe 48, compress it, and discharge it into the outlet passageway 52 from whence it is con- -ducted through the passageway 55 to the mixing chamber 17. Simultaneously with the pumping of oil from thel vacuum tank 49, the plungers in the cylinders 21-21 are likewise reciprocating back and forth and will pump air from the vacuum tank through pipe 57 and the inlet passageway 56, compress it, and discharge it into the outlet passageway 60 from whence it is conducted by pipe 63 to the inlet passageway 64 in the head 13. The air entering the passageway 64, which not only includes the air taken from the vacuum tank but also the air taken in through an atmospheric opening 126 in the pipe 63, is compressed by the reciprocation of the plungers 3.4 and discharged into the outlet passageway 6.7 from whence it passes through the passageways 71 and 72 into the chamber 17, wherein it is mixed with oil which has been discharged therein from the other section of the pump.

The air and oil are mixed in this chamber to form a good combustible fluid, and also since this chamber is in communication with the operative elements of the pump, the oil will also tend to seal and'lubricate these elements. From the chamber 17 the combustible mixture is The lower conducted through the bores 29, 30, and '82 to the tube 87 from whence it is discharged tangentially into the combustion chamber. Combustible uid is also supplied through the pipe 120 from the chamber 17 tothe tube 118 from which it is discharged from the opening 119 through the apertures 108 and 109. The pilot burner is turned on by actuating the switch 124 and then is ignited `by energizing the arcing horns 121 through conductors 123, thereby causing a spark to jump between the horns and ignite the combustible fluid being discharged from the aperture 119.

As soon as the pilot burner is ignited, the combustible fluid issuing from the main burner nozzle will be ignited and, since the nozzle is discharging tangentially to its path of movement, a cyclonic flame will be produced which extends outwardly from the refractory member 100 over the surface ofthe re clay material 105 which is thereby heated to a high temperature, the heat therefrom being reflected upwardly into the furnace. As soon as the main burner is ignited the pilot burner may be extinguished y by closing the switch 124, since the pilot burner will no longer be needed.

By virtue of the rotation of the main burner head, the beveled edges of the wings 84 will draw air upwardly through the apertures 81 and the tapered bore 89 of the impeller and discharge it through the aperture 102 Where it combines with the combustible fluid issuing from the main burner nozzle. Since the impeller is being revolved, the blades 92 thereon will suck in cold air through the central opening defined by the annular flange 96 in the lower plate member 94 and discharge it outwardly between the upper and lower plate members 93 and 94, thereby tending to keep the upper plate member cool. As this air emerges at the peripheries of the upper and lower plate members it passes over the upper surface of the fire clay material 106 and is deflected upwardly thereby along the wall 1 of the furnace.' It will be observed that this layer of air shields the wall 1 from the heat created by the burner flame, thereby serving to keep the wall cool at all times and ,concentrate the heat from the nre clay material 105 at the center of the furnace Where it may be utilized most eciently. The refractory member 100 serves to protect the main burner nozzle from carbonization.

When it is desired to shut down the burner,

the switch 125 is closed, and the motor 45 continues to run a suilicient length of time to discharge the oil in the pump, after which the motor is then shut down and the equipment is then in a condition to be started up again when needed.

It will be appreciated from the foregoing that my invention provides a novel -oil burner in which the pump is not only utilized for pumping oil and air but also serves as a drive between the pump motor and the burner head; which utilizes the chamber at the junction of the pump sections as a mixing chamber, wherein the air and oil are combined to form a good combustible mixture, to be delivered to the burner head, this oilalso' being` utilized for lubricating `and sealing the pump parts; a pilot burner which is also supplied from the aforementioned mixingI chamber; in which the combustible fluid is discharged tangentially to the path of movement of the burner nozzle to form a cyclonic flame; and in which cold air is circulated by aar/,aso

the burner head for shielding the wall of the combustion chamber with the result that the heat from the burner will be concentrated where it may be utilized most eillciently for heating the furnace or boiler.

While I have shown and described my invention in a preferred form, changes and modiiications in structure and arrangement may be made without departing from ,the spirit and scope of the invention and I, therefore, do not limit my invention except as deilned in the appended claims. f

`I claim as my invention:

1. An angular pump construction for pumping fluid comprising sets of connected pistons, the pistons of each set being disposed at an angle to each other, housing means including angular legs to define cylinders for said pistons and a chamber at. the junction of said legs, and means for conveying the fluid discharged from each leg into said chamber to enable the same to be mixed and act as a sealing and lubricating mediumy for said sets of pistons.

2. In a pump of the -angular type having sets of connected pistons disposed at an angle to eachother, a mixing chamber at the junction of the pistons in which the fluid discharged by said pistons may be commingled, Y.and conduit means for conveying such fluid from the pistons to said chamber.

l 3. In a pump of the angular type having sets of connected pistons disposed at an angle to each other, a fluid chamber at the junction of the pistons for receiving fiuid, andl means deiininga passageway bounded by one set of pistons for conveying iiuid between said chamber and the end of the pump associated with said latter set of pistons.

4. A pump comprising sets of interconnected pistons disposed at an angle to each other, a housing having angularly disposed'legs to deilne cylinders for said pistons, connection means whereby one set of pistons is adapted to be connected to suitable power means, and means rotatable with the other set of pistons, said latter means having parts disposed and cooperative in such a manner as to denne a rotary fluid discharge and power take oif connection lfrom said pump.

I5. A pump comprising two cylindrical housing sections secured together at an angle with each other, a cylinder in each section rotatable therein, driving means connected to one of said cylinders, 'said cylinders having corresponding longitudinal cylindrical bores, pairs of plungers joined at their outer ends and' reciprocable in corresponding bores of said cylinders for translating the rotary movement of the driven cylinder into corresponding rotary movement of the other cylinder, afhollow shaft connected to and driven by the other of said cylinders, and fiuid 4discharge connections from certain of said cylinders to said hollow shaft.

6. A pump comprising two cylindrical housing sections secured together at an angle with each other, one of said sections being horizontally disposed and the other vertically disposed, a cylinder4 in each section rotatable therein, driving'means connected to the cylinder in the horizontal section, said cylinders having corresponding longitudinal cylindrical bores,` pairs of plungers joined at their outer ends and reciprocable in corresponding bores, of said cylinders for translating the rotary movement of the driven cylinder into corresponding rotary movement-of the other cylinder, a hollow shaft connected to and driven by the cylinder in the vertically disposed section, and fluid discharge connections from cylinders in both sections to said hollow shaft. l,

7. A pump comprising angularly disposed pumping sections with a common juncture deiining a chamber, fluid inlet connections from said sections to said chamber, `and an outlet lconnection from said chamber.

.8'. A pump comprising angularly disposed pumping sections with a common -juncture defining a mixing chamber, uid inlet connections from said section to said chamber, a stationary fluid outlet from said chamber, and a rotatable fluid outlet connection from said chamber.

9. A rotary pump structure comprising two angularly disposed pumping sections, a housing for said sections defining a chamber at the junctiony of lsaid sections, means defining two separate pumping paths through one of said pump sections, one of said paths being connected to an air supply and said other section, thel other path being connected to a fuel supply and said chamber, means for conducting the discharged air from said other section to'said chamber to enable it to mix with said fuel to form a combustible mixture, and a discharge connection adapted to conduct the combustible mixture from said chamber to a position of use. 10. A pump comprising angularly disposed pumping sections having a common juncture defining a chamber, fluid inlet connections from said sections to said chamber, and fluid outlet connections -from said chamber through oneof said sections.

extending 

